Ammonia is a colourless gas with a sharp, penetrating odour. Ammonia (nh3) is a chemical compound composed of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms , easily recognized by its distinctive, pungent odor. Ammonia serves as a catalyst in the production of some synthetic resins. Ammonia is consistently among the top five chemicals produced in the united states. Actually, the equilibrium between the elements and ammonia favours the formation of ammonia at low temperature, but high temperature is required to achieve a satisfactory rate of ammonia formation. In the united states, it is usually applied directly to the soil from tanks containing the liquefied gas. An increase in ph favors formation of the more toxic unionized form (nh 3), while a decrease favors the ionized (nh 4+) form. The major use of ammonia is as a fertilizer. It is widely used in industry and nature, and has various physical and chemical properties, such as basic nature, solubility, and combustibility. Where does ammonia come from? What is ammonia used for? Ammonia (nh3), colourless, pungent gas composed of nitrogen and hydrogen. · ammonia (nh 3) is a common toxicant derived from wastes (see figure 1), fertilizers and natural processes. Urea, (h2n)2c=o, is the most commonly used source of nitrogen for fertilizer worldwide. A stable binary hydride and the simplest pnictogen hydride, ammonia is a colourless gas with a distinctive pungent smell. Its boiling point is −33. 35 °c (−28. 03 °f), and its freezing point is −77. 7 °c (−107. 8 °f). Word origin late 18th century: Modern latin, from sal ammoniacus (see sal ammoniac). More important, it neutralizes acidic by-products of petroleum refining, and in the rubber industry it prevents the coagulation of raw latex during transportation from plantation to factory. It is widely used in fertilizers, refrigerants, explosives, cleaning agents, and is a precursor for numerous chemicals. Ammonia also finds application in both the ammonia -soda process (also called the solvay process), a widely used method for producing soda ash, and the ostwald process, a method for converting ammonia into nitric acid. Ammonia is a colourless gas with a pungent odour and a chemical formula of nh3. · ammonia is a colorless gas with a sharp smell, made of one nitrogen and three hydrogen atoms. The combustion of ammonia proceeds with difficulty but yields nitrogen gas and water. It is widely used as a fertilizer, refrigerant, cleaner and ph indicator, but it can also be toxic, explosive and corrosive under certain conditions. Several different catalysts can be used. Powered by oxford languages Ammonia is an inorganic chemical compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula nh3. Biologically, it is a common nitrogenous waste, and it contributes si. Ammonia nitrogen includes both the ionized form (ammonium, nh 4+) and the unionized form ( ammonia , nh 3). This reaction requires the use of a catalyst, high pressure (100–1,000 atmospheres), and elevated temperature (400–550 °c [750–1020 °f]). It is produced by the haber–bosch process and used in agriculture, industry, and as a potential green fuel. It is the simplest stable compound of these elements and serves as a starting material for the production of many commercially important nitrogen compounds. Mg3n2 + 6h2o → 2nh3 + 3mg(oh)2 In the textile industry, ammonia is used in the manufacture of synthetic fibres, such as nylon and rayon. In addition, it is employed in the dyeing and scouring of cotton, wool, and silk. Ammonia readily dissolves in water with the liberation of heat. In the laboratory, ammonia is best synthesized by the hydrolysis of a metal nitride. (the heat of vaporization of a. Pure ammonia was first prepared by english physical scientist joseph priestley in 1774, and its exact composition was determined by french chemist claude-louis berthollet in 1785. See full list on britannica. com Special offer for students! Nh3 + h2o ⇌ nh4+ + oh− these aqueous solutions of ammonia are basic and are sometimes called solutions of ammonium hydroxide (nh4oh). · ammonia (nh₃) is a compound that occurs naturally and is manufactured on a massive industrial scale. It is found in many aspects of daily life, from common household products to large-scale industrial applications. Normally the catalyst is iron containing iron oxide. Is ammonia a colorless gas? 4nh3 + 3o2 + heat → 2n2 + 6h2o however, with the use of a catalyst and under the correct conditions of temperature, ammonia reacts with oxygen to produce nitric oxide, no, which is oxidized to nitrogen dioxide, no2, and is used in the industrial synthesis of nitric acid. It has a high heat of vaporization (23. 3 kilojoules per mole at its boiling point) and can be handled as a liquid in thermally insulated containers in the laboratory. The ammonia can also be in the form of ammonium salts, such as ammonium nitrate, nh4no3, ammonium sulfate, (nh4)2so4, and various ammonium phosphates. However, both magnesium oxide on aluminum oxide that has been activated by alkali metal oxides and ruthenium on carbon have been employed as catalysts. Ammonia is also used in the manufacture of commercial explosives (e. g. , trinitrotoluene [tnt], nitroglycerin, and nitrocellulose). · ammonia is a colorless, poisonous gas with a familiar noxious odor. The hydrates nh3 · h2o, 2nh3 · h2o, and nh3 · 2h2o exist and have been shown to consist of ammonia and water molecules linked by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The equilibrium, however, is such that a 1. 0-molar solution of nh3 provides only 4. 2 millimoles of hydroxide ion. Check out our special academic rate and excel this spring semester! The chief commercial method of producing ammonia is by the haber-bosch process, which involves the direct reaction of elemental hydrogen and elemental nitrogen. What does ammonia smell like? This simple molecule, composed of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms, plays a significant role in earth’s natural cycles and human civilization.
